Underground structures are built below the ground surface for transportation, utilities, storage, and urban development. They are essential in dense cities where surface space is limited-especially for metro rail systems, tunnels, and basements.
Purpose & Objectives of Underground Structures
- Efficient Land Utilization
- Use space below ground where surface land is limited
- Reduce congestion in densely populated cities
- Enable multi-level urban development
- Transportation Improvement
- Provide underground metro and road tunnels
- Reduce traffic congestion on surface roads
- Enable faster and uninterrupted travel
- Urban Planning & Aesthetics
- Keep city surface free for green spaces and buildings
- Avoid visual obstruction (no elevated structures)
- Environmental Protection
- Minimize noise and air pollution
- Protect ecosystems and urban greenery
- Safety & Protection
- Provide shelter during emergencies
- Protect infrastructure from natural hazards
